Study on Liquid‐Like Behaviors of Dense Granular Impinging Jets

Particle dynamic behaviors of dense granular impinging jets are experimentally studied by a high‐speed camera and numerically simulated using discrete element method (DEM). Effects of the granular jet velocity, impinging angle, and solid fraction of the granular jet on the flow patterns and interparticle collision are investigated. Results show that as the solid fraction of the granular jet (xp) increases, three patterns, that is, the penetrating pattern, diffuse pattern, and thin, liquid‐like granular sheet display in turns. The shape and velocity of the granular sheet have been characterized and compared with the liquid sheet. An increase in the impinging angle obviously enlarges the granular sheet and decreases the sheet velocity. The flow patterns and sheet velocity are successfully predicted by DEM simulation. The simulation results further reveal that rising xp increases the interparticle collision frequencies, which decreases interparticle collision forces and relative velocities, and consequently gives rise to the granular sheet. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 49–63, 2019