Une approche pour l'analyse des faiblesses du secteur des dechets solides en Tunisie a partir des contraintes et de leurs effets induits et cumulatifs

Despite generally limited financial resources in emerging countries and the lack of qualified human resources, combined with the pressure exerted by the waste sector on the environment and the quality of life in these countries, priorities must absolutely be set for government action in the waste sector to prioritize treating the sources of the problem through the analysis of the weaknesses indicated by shortages and obstacles to a rapid improvement of the situation. Through the overlapping of these two constraints (causes and obstacles) for each case, we showed that their cumulative impacts could amplify the hazards and thus aggravate the situation. Weighting the induced impacts can help quantify the cumulative impact (0, + or ++), which would indicate the level of corrective actions required (A, B or C), as a function of the means available. Through a plausible rationale, the assessment of the induced and cumulative impacts, indicated by the combination of the most detrimental impacts, will determine the required corrective actions. Through this study, we tried to show that this method adapts well to the assessment of waste management in emerging countries and that is not limited only to weighting the visible aspects, as is the case with other strategic design software packages found on the market. Instead, the method first groups the constraints to determine their induced and cumulative impacts. Weighting targets the impacts; it is impacts, which are no longer random, as they are based on a rationale justified both upstream and downstream. Applying this way of thinking to solid waste management in Tunisia, as an example for emerging countries, confirmed the efficiency of such a rationale and led to substantiated restoration actions.