Quantification of the strength of inertial waves in a rotating turbulent flow

We quantify the strength of the waves and their impact on the energy cascade in rotating turbulence by studying the wave number and frequency energy spectrum, and the time correlation functions of individual Fourier modes in numerical simulations in three dimensions in periodic boxes. From the spectrum, we find that a significant fraction of the energy is concentrated in modes with wave frequency ω ≈ 0, even when the external forcing injects no energy directly into these modes. However, for modes for which the period of the inertial waves τω is faster than the turnover time \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\tau _\textrm {NL}$\end{document}τ NL , a significant fraction of the remaining energy is concentrated in the modes that satisfy the dispersion relation of the waves. No evidence of accumulation of energy in the modes with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\tau _\omega = \tau _\textrm {NL}$\end{document}τω=τ NL is observed, unlike what critical balance arguments predict. From the time correlation functions, we find that for modes with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$\tau _\omega < \tau _\textrm {sw}$\end{document}τω