Alignment, orientation, and Coulomb explosion of difluoroiodobenzene studiedwith the pixel imaging mass spectrometry (PImMS) camera

Laser-induced adiabatic alignment and mixed-field orientation of 2,6-difluoroiodobenzene(C6H3F2I) molecules are probed by Coulomb explosionimagingfollowing either near-infrared strong-field ionization or extreme-ultravioletmulti-photoninner-shellionization using free-electron laser pulses. The resulting photoelectrons and fragmentions are captured by a double-sided velocity map imaging spectrometer andprojected onto two position-sensitive detectors. The ion side of the spectrometer isequipped with a pixel imaging mass spectrometry camera, a time-stamping pixelated detector that can record thehit positions and arrival times of up to four ions per pixel per acquisition cycle. Thus,the time-of-flight trace and ion momentum distributions for all fragments can be recordedsimultaneously. We show that we can obtain a high degree of one-and three-dimensionalalignment and mixed-field orientation and compare the Coulomb explosion processinduced at both wavelengths.