Structural-energy states of water and aqueous solutions under external influences

Methods are proposed for evaluating changes in the structure of water or aqueous electrolyte solutions under the influence of temperature, magnetic field and surface material by means of determining the electrical capacity of the liquid and the quality factor of the anti-resonant circuit in the frequency range from 1 kHz to 3000 kHz. The condenser plates in different types of electrochemical cells are placed one in front of the other, each at a distance of more than 5 cm, or relative to each other in parallel planes, or in one plane in which case the liquid is located on the condenser plates. The current density on the plates in various cells ranged from 10 to 100 nA/cm2. When measuring the electrical capacity, the voltage applied to the plates was reduced in proportion to the increase in the frequency of oscillator. The apparatus allows us to increase the dynamic range of the signal change from an electrochemical cell, reduce the impact of measurements on the structure of liquids, and also evaluate the direction and extent of changes in the structure of water and aqueous solutions under various external influences. Criteria are proposed for evaluating the structure of fluids.