Oral Administration of Hot‐water Extract of Tropical Brown Seaweed, Sargassum cristaefolium, to Enhance Immune Response, Stress Tolerance, and Resistance of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, to Vibrio parahaemolyticus

The efficacy of hot‐water extract of tropical brown seaweed, Sargassum cristaefolium (SCE), supplemented in diets on immune response, stress tolerance, and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei to Vibrio parahaemolyticus was evaluated. Shrimp were fed diets containing graded levels of SCE (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg). The results showed that shrimp fed all diets containing SCE had significantly higher (P