Entrepreneurship in Africa, Part 3: Conclusions on African Entrepreneurship

While a preliminary analysis established the existence of five clusters exhibiting different levels of resources and capabilities, further discernment of these clusters has highlighted significant variances in relation to export propensity. [...]clusters exhibiting combinations that include higher levels of export-oriented managerial resources showed greater export propensity, whereas clusters lacking such assets were less likely to display high export propensity, despite superior capabilities in marketing and innovation. [...]offering novel evidence on SMEs’ internationalisation from the largest country in the African continent, in terms of landmass, constitutes an important contextual contribution. The study concludes that both causation and effectuation have varied implications on firm performance. [...]unlike the findings of other research in western contexts, a strong empirical support is not found to claim that effectuation is superior to causation in outcomes such as firm performance in an African context. The mean future entrepreneurial intent is 63.2 per cent of the sample with 75 per cent having failed in the past and 60 per cent never failed before. [...]only 20.9 per cent of the interviewed entrepreneurs have failed at a past entrepreneurial activity.