Participatory Action Research as Critical Pedagogy

In this paper participatory action research (PAR) is offered as a foundation for the development of critical pedagogy. The need for public education reform in the United States is identified, PAR principles are described, PAR is discussed in terms of pedagogy and curriculum development, and potential barriers to implementation are indicated. PAR's roots in critical theory are explored and PAR is offered as a way to alleviate the stratifying effects of oppositional culture, learned helplessness, and tracking. Finally, implications of PAR are outlined for critical stakeholding groups. Conclusions include recognition of the applicability of PAR to pedagogy and curriculum development.