Ureterocalicostomy with lower pole nephrectomy in a renal transplant: A case report

As the number of kidney transplants continues to rise, so does the number and complexities of surgical‐related complications, which may be associated with increased morbidity and potentially graft loss. Ureteral stenosis, the most prevalent urological complication, may require diverse techniques for surgical correction depending on several recipient and graft abnormalities. Here we report the surgical and clinical outcomes of a 62‐year‐old man with a posttransplant pyeloureterostomy stricture successfully treated with ureterocalicostomy after a lower pole nephrectomy. Although the resection of renal parenchyma may prevent a stenosis recurrence, surgeons can be reluctant to use this strategy due to the possible negative impact on renal function. We highlight some key steps of the surgical technique to prevent unnecessary allograft lesion and present short‐term outcomes, suggesting that this rarely described procedure is a safe and effective alternative treatment for kidney transplant recipients with pyeloureterostomy stenosis. During a 6‐month follow‐up, a patient with pyeloureterostomy stenosis in a transplanted kidney was successfully treated with an ureterocalicostomy that included a lower pole nephrectomy, without renal function impairment.