Solvable Lie algebras with naturally graded nilradicals and their invariants

The indecomposable solvable Lie algebras with graded nilradical of maximal nilindex and a Heisenberg subalgebra of codimension one are analyzed, and their generalized Casimir invariants calculated. It is shown that rank one solvable algebras have a contact form, which implies the existence of an associated dynamical system. Moreover, due to the structure of the quadratic Casimir operator of the nilradical, these algebras contain a maximal non-abelian quasi-classical Lie algebra of dimension \(2n-1\), indicating that gauge theories (with ghosts) are possible on these subalgebras.