Gene Profile Expression Related to Type I Interferons in HT-29 Cells Exposed to Cryptosporidium parvum

Background: Cryptosporidium parvum may contribute to upregulation or downregulation of host cellular genes among which type I (α, β) and type II (γ) interferons play key roles to eliminate infectious agents.Objectives: The current study aimed at evaluating the expressed genes related to human type I interferon response in HT-29 cell line after exposure to C. parvum for six and 24 hours.Methods: Subsequently, the overexpression and under expression of 84 human genes related to type I interferons were investigated using RT2Profiler™ PCR (polymerase chain reaction) Array.Results: Four top overexpressed genes including IL10, SH2D1A, MX1, and HLA-A after six hours exposure, and 10 top overexpressed genes as IL15, DDX58, CXCL10, NMI, MYD88, STAT3, IFNAR2, IFIH1, CASP1, and TLR3 were observed after 24 hours exposure. Five underexpressed genes such as TIMP1, TYK2, IRF2, PML and IRF5 were monitored for six hours.Conclusions: The current study findings revealed that the overexpressed genes IL15, TIMP1, and SH2D1A may have an important role to inhibit the invasion of C. parvum. Also, the overexpressed genes, namely SH2D1A, MX1, and NMI, may have antiviral properties while TIMP1 may have anticancer properties. Further, the pertinent results demonstrated that the type I interferons and the relevant genes had significant effects on stimulating innate immune system against C. parvum.