Experimental Study of the Impact and Penetration of A Cone in Frozen Sand

A reverse experiment technique is used along with the technology of measuring rods to study the impact and penetration of a steel conical body in frozen sandy soil. This paper presents the dependences of maximum values of the force of resistance of cones with base diameters of 10.0, 12.0, and 19.8 mm to penetration into sand on the impact velocity in the range of values 100–400 m/s. The numerical solution of the problem in an axisymmetric formulation with the use of the “Dinamika-2” software package is used to show the effect of waves reflected from the walls of the container on the contact force. A comparative analysis of the forces of resistance to penetration of the shocker into compacted dry, water-saturated, and frozen sandy soils is carried out.