Electrocardiographic and clinico-paraclinical evaluation of a dromedary camel suffered from theileriosis

Sinoventricular rhythm (SVR, atrial standstill or silent atrium) is the rare cardiac dysrhythmia which may cause no clinical sign in domestic animals. To the best knowledge of the authors of this case report, there is no previous report regarding the SVR with theileriosis in a dromedary camel. A 7-year-old non-pregnant female camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) was referred to the author’s camel specialized clinic with a 2-day history of inappetence, drowsiness, staggering, neck swaying, snoring, nystagmus, tremors, muscular asthenia, and lateral recumbency. Clinical examination revealed hyperemic/icteric mucous membranes with decreases in rectal temperature (32.7 °C) but increase in respiratory rate (39 breaths min −1 ). In cardiovascular examination, the clinician detected no abnormalities in the heart sound and rhythm. Then, electrocardiography (ECG) indicated complete silence (flattening) of the P waves, presence of the subsequent QRS and T waves, QRS in followed by silent P waves in regular pattern, prolongation of QRS complexes, elevation of ST segments, and tall peaked T waves which approved SVR presence. At the time of the case referral, serum values of potassium, phosphorous, lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I, hemocysteine, serum amyloid A, and haptoglobin were more than the reference ranges, significantly ( P