Proposing a Method for Controlling Congestion in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Comparative Fuzzy Logic

Recent developments and advances on electronics and wireless telecommunications have enabled researchers to design and produce low-power and small sensors with reasonable prices which can be used for various applications. Wireless multimedia sensor networks are a new subset of WSN family which is capable of doing operations such as receiving multimedia information, i.e. video, sound, photo and numerical data from the surrounding environment, processing them and transmitting them. Due to high transmission rate and the explosive feature, the transmission of video flows in WSNs concerned with several challenges. Congestion also leads to the loss of packets and costly retransmission of packets. Consequently, the limited energy of the sensor nodes is wasted. Accordingly, in this paper, using fuzzy logic, a new congestion control method was proposed for these networks. In the proposed method, congestion announcement and control are carried out by using three main parameters, i.e. the remaining energy level of the node, load density and accessible detection bandwidth. The results of evaluations, done via OPNET 11.5, indicated that using the proposed method led to an average delay reduction in packet arrival. Also, less energy of the nodes is consumed and network lifetime is enhanced. Multimedia is used for novel approaches such as the followings: communications, commerce, education, entertainment, personal locator services, advanced health care, control systems, traffic avoidance and execution and in Information Technology.