Analysis of Seasonal Signal in GPS Short-Baseline Time Series

Proper modeling of seasonal signals and their quantitative analysis are of interest in geoscience applications, which are based on position time series of permanent GPS stations. Seasonal signals in GPS short-baseline ( 5 m) or type of the monument. For comparison, we also processed an approximately zero baseline with a distance of 0.4 mm in the horizontal direction are observed in five short-baselines, and the amplitudes exceed 1 mm in four of them. These horizontal seasonal signals are likely related to the propagation of daily/sub-daily TEM displacement or other signals related to the site environment. Mismodeling of the tropospheric delay may also introduce spurious seasonal signals with annual amplitudes of ~ 5 and ~ 2 mm, respectively, for two short-baselines with elevation differences grea