Testosterone prevents the heat shock-induced overactivation of glycogen sythase kinase-3beta but not of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and concomitantly

We have shown previously that glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), cyclin-dependent kinase 5, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase become overactivated and hyperphosphorylate tau in heat-shocked female rats. This hyperphosphorylation of tau is estrogen-independent, prevented by androgens, and similar to Alzheimer's disease.