Preparation of low molecular weight cyclic polystyrenes with high purity via liquid chromatography at the critical condition

Cyclic polymers synthesized by ring-closure method from linear precursors contain some of linear contaminates. In this work, the origin of linear contaminates in cyclic polystyrenes (c-PS) is demonstrated by the coupling of liquid chromatography at the critical condition (LCCC) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectra. The linear contaminates are revealed to be the “dead” chains during ATRP by chain termination, the unreacted linear polystyrene (l-PS) precursors, and the dimers by the imperfect ring-closure reaction. The c-PS are purified by LCCC fractionation, and the results show the LCCC fractionation at the critical adsorption point (CAP) of c-PS is more efficient than that at the CAP of linears for low molecular weight (99.6%) via the tandem-coupled LCCC fractionation at the CAP of l-PS and at the CAP of c-PS. [Display omitted] •The linear contaminates in cyclic polystyrenes (c-PS) were identified.•The LCCC fractionation at the CAP of c-PS is very efficient.•Highly purified c-PS were obtained by a tandem-coupled LCCC fractionation method.