Kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherm study on the removal of methylene blue dye by adsorption via copper modified activated carbon

Copper modified activated carbon was explored by N 2 adsorption, XRD, SEM, EDX and FT-IR. The parameters of the optimal conditions, including the loading temperature, heating time, heating rate, ionic concentration and dipping time, were 450 °C, 40 min, 25 °C/min, 0.1 mol/L and 12 h, respectively. Copper nanoparticles were uniformly arranged on the carbon surface according to SEM analysis. The aqueous solution temperature, initial dose and adsorbent dose of copper modified AC were the parameters of the simultaneous experiment. The Langmuir isotherm model was revealed according to the applicable experimental data, the kinetic data were fit with a pseudo-second-order equation model, and the thermodynamic parameters indicated that MB adsorption was an endothermic and spontaneous process.