Theoretical Analysis of Bistability in Kuramoto Model with Connectivity-Frequency Correlations

One of the interesting features of discontinuous transitions in coupled oscillators is the existence of bistability between two steady states. In this study, we theoretically analyze the Kuramoto model with the following two conditions: (i) the correlation between the connectivity of networks and the natural frequency distribution and (ii) the bimodality of natural frequency distribution. We show that the two conditions induce bistability and how each condition affects the appearance of bistability.