Modelling of the limiting current density of an electrodialysis process by response surface methodology

Electrodialysis is an electro-membrane process for desalination, concentration, and separation in electric fields. In this process, the operating currents are limited by the concentration polarization phenomena and the limiting current density. Usually, this parameter depends on membrane and solution properties as well as on the electrodialysis stack construction. In this research paper, we will apply the Box–Behnken design in combination with response surface methodology to the development of a predictive limiting current density model. We will also study the effects of three variables related to solution composition (calcium, sulfate, and bicarbonate concentrations) on this parameter.