An unresponsive progressive pustular and crusting dermatitis with acantholysis in nine cats

Background Between 2000 and 2012, nine cats were examined with a visually distinctive, progressive crusting dermatitis that was poorly responsive to all attempted therapies. Objectives Documentation of clinical and histopathological findings of this disease. Animals Nine privately owned cats. Method...

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Veröffentlicht in:Veterinary dermatology 2018-02, Vol.29 (1), p.81-e33
Hauptverfasser: Outerbridge, Catherine A., Affolter, Verena K., Lyons, Leslie A., Crothers, Samantha L., Lam, Andrea T. H., Bonenberger, Terri E., Ihrke, Peter J., White, Stephen D.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Background Between 2000 and 2012, nine cats were examined with a visually distinctive, progressive crusting dermatitis that was poorly responsive to all attempted therapies. Objectives Documentation of clinical and histopathological findings of this disease. Animals Nine privately owned cats. Methods Retrospective study. Results Eight neutered males and one (presumably spayed) female ranging in age from two to eight years, presented for a progressive, well‐demarcated, crusting dermatitis with variable pruritus of 1.5 months to five years duration. All cats lived in northern California, USA; seven lived within a 30 mile radius. Two males were littermates. Histopathological investigation showed both parakeratotic and orthokeratotic crusts, intraepidermal pustules and superficial folliculitis with rare to frequent acantholytic cells. Bacterial and fungal cultures were performed in six cats: meticillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated in three cats, two colonies of Trichophyton terrestre and three of Malassezia pachydermatis were isolated from one cat each. Treatment with various antibiotics, antifungal and a variety of immunosuppressive medications did not alter the progressive nature of the skin disease. Conclusions and clinical importance The described disease shares some clinical and histopathological features with pemphigus foliaceus, but the lack of response to treatment, its progressive nature and the possible relatedness of some of the cats set it apart. The aetiology of this acantholytic dermatitis remains unknown. Résumé Contexte Entre 2000 et 2012, neufs chats ont été examinés avec une dermatite crouteuse progressive atypique qui répondait mal à tous les traitements prescrits. Objectifs Documenter les données cliniques et histopathologiques de cette maladie. Sujets Neuf chats de propriétaires. Méthodes Etude rétrospective. Résultats Neufs chats mâles castrés et une femelle (supposée stérilisée) âgés de deux à huit ans, présentés pour une dermatite crouteuse, bien délimitée, progressive avec un prurit variable évoluant depuis 1,5 mois à cinq ans. Tous les chats vivaient en Caroline du Nord, USA; sept vivaient dans un rayon de 30 miles. Deux mâles étaient de la même portée. Les données histopathologiques ont montré des croûtes orthokératosiques et parakératosiques, des pustules intra‐épidermiques et une folliculite superficielle avec des cellules acantholytiques rares à fréquentes. Les cultures bactériennes et fongiques ont été
ISSN:0959-4493
1365-3164
DOI:10.1111/vde.12501