TOWARD A GLOBAL PHD: FORCES & FORMS IN DOCTORAL EDUCATION WORLDWIDE

The characteristics of the "new doctorate" outlined in the concluding chapter include better career preparation for students, better funding for students, better advising, more instruction in such areas as epistemology, environmental literacy, ethics, and "world citizenship " interdisciplinary study, collaboration, international experience, and professional development. Again, the emphasis is on international collaboration, global networks to examine change in doctoral education, creation of an agenda for international research on innovation in doctoral education, a commitment to sharing research findings and best practices, attention to the role of doctoral education in globalization, strategies to "preserve native cultures and reducing brain drain," seeking international consensus on what doctoral education is and what competencies it should confer, developing international comparative data on doctoral education, evaluating doctoral education across national boundaries, and identifying policies that promote excellence and foster diversity.