Intraspecific Brood Parasitism in the European Starling

Intraspecific brood parasitism in the European Starling were examined with regard to the appearance of more than one egg per day while the host was laying, the appearance of extra eggs after the host completed its clutch and the mismatching of protein phenotypes between parent and putative offspring using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of blood and pectoral muscle tissue. Intraspecific brood parasitism may be an evolutionary force shaping the current reproductive strategies of European Starlings.