Analysis and testing of bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and their derivatives in canned dog foods
An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and their derivatives, BADGE·2H 2 O, BADGE·H 2 O, BADGE·HCl·H 2 O, BADGE·2HCl and BADGE·HCl, in canned animal food commodities using reversed-phase high-performance liquid...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European food research & technology 2018, Vol.244 (1), p.43-56 |
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| creator | Cerkvenik-Flajs, V. Volmajer Valh, J. Gombač, M. Švara, T. |
| description | An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and their derivatives, BADGE·2H
2
O, BADGE·H
2
O, BADGE·HCl·H
2
O, BADGE·2HCl and BADGE·HCl, in canned animal food commodities using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The samples were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophobic polystyrene–divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) copolymer sorbent. The performance characteristics confirmed that the method used was in accordance with the EU validation criteria. The recovery values ranged from 62 to 97%. The repeatability (CV
r
) and within-laboratory reproducibility (CV
W
) values ranged from 2.3 to 9.7% and from 2.8 to 10.8%, respectively, while the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) values ranged from 5 to 10 µg/kg and from 5 to 15 µg/kg, respectively. The method was successfully used to evaluate the levels of 7 bisphenols in 24 of the canned dog foods retailed on the Slovenian market. BADGE·2H
2
O was found in all the samples tested, with values ranging from 16 to 540 µg/kg, while BPA was found in 96% of the samples tested and ranged from |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00217-017-2930-2 |
| format | Article |
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2
O, BADGE·H
2
O, BADGE·HCl·H
2
O, BADGE·2HCl and BADGE·HCl, in canned animal food commodities using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The samples were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophobic polystyrene–divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) copolymer sorbent. The performance characteristics confirmed that the method used was in accordance with the EU validation criteria. The recovery values ranged from 62 to 97%. The repeatability (CV
r
) and within-laboratory reproducibility (CV
W
) values ranged from 2.3 to 9.7% and from 2.8 to 10.8%, respectively, while the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) values ranged from 5 to 10 µg/kg and from 5 to 15 µg/kg, respectively. The method was successfully used to evaluate the levels of 7 bisphenols in 24 of the canned dog foods retailed on the Slovenian market. BADGE·2H
2
O was found in all the samples tested, with values ranging from 16 to 540 µg/kg, while BPA was found in 96% of the samples tested and ranged from <5 to 208 µg/kg. The contribution of BADGE·H
2
O and BADGE·HCl·H
2
O was minor, while no traces of BADGE, BADGE·2HCl or BADGE·HCl were detected. Epoxy phenolic coatings were identified in the cans tested by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Given the temporary human tolerable daily intake (TDI) value of 4 µg/kg b.w./day recently laid down by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), these results, especially those for the BPA in canned dog foods, merit further attention and investigation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1438-2377</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1438-2385</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2930-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Analytical Chemistry ; Biotechnology ; Bisphenol A ; Bisphenols ; Canned food ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Commodities ; Derivatives ; Divinylbenzene ; Dogs ; Economic conditions ; Fluorescence ; Food ; Food Science ; Forestry ; Fourier transforms ; High performance liquid chromatography ; Hydrophobicity ; Infrared analysis ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Liquid chromatography ; Original Paper ; Phenolic compounds ; Phenols ; Polystyrene ; Polystyrene resins ; Reproducibility</subject><ispartof>European food research & technology, 2018, Vol.244 (1), p.43-56</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017</rights><rights>European Food Research and Technology is a copyright of Springer, (2017). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-5477128583ccee58a4ba40e4a212eafefd5ca016be75b8e1e68b8cd43cfb41693</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-5477128583ccee58a4ba40e4a212eafefd5ca016be75b8e1e68b8cd43cfb41693</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00217-017-2930-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00217-017-2930-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cerkvenik-Flajs, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volmajer Valh, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gombač, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Švara, T.</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis and testing of bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and their derivatives in canned dog foods</title><title>European food research & technology</title><addtitle>Eur Food Res Technol</addtitle><description>An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and their derivatives, BADGE·2H
2
O, BADGE·H
2
O, BADGE·HCl·H
2
O, BADGE·2HCl and BADGE·HCl, in canned animal food commodities using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The samples were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophobic polystyrene–divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) copolymer sorbent. The performance characteristics confirmed that the method used was in accordance with the EU validation criteria. The recovery values ranged from 62 to 97%. The repeatability (CV
r
) and within-laboratory reproducibility (CV
W
) values ranged from 2.3 to 9.7% and from 2.8 to 10.8%, respectively, while the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) values ranged from 5 to 10 µg/kg and from 5 to 15 µg/kg, respectively. The method was successfully used to evaluate the levels of 7 bisphenols in 24 of the canned dog foods retailed on the Slovenian market. BADGE·2H
2
O was found in all the samples tested, with values ranging from 16 to 540 µg/kg, while BPA was found in 96% of the samples tested and ranged from <5 to 208 µg/kg. The contribution of BADGE·H
2
O and BADGE·HCl·H
2
O was minor, while no traces of BADGE, BADGE·2HCl or BADGE·HCl were detected. Epoxy phenolic coatings were identified in the cans tested by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Given the temporary human tolerable daily intake (TDI) value of 4 µg/kg b.w./day recently laid down by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), these results, especially those for the BPA in canned dog foods, merit further attention and investigation.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Analytical Chemistry</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Bisphenol A</subject><subject>Bisphenols</subject><subject>Canned food</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Commodities</subject><subject>Derivatives</subject><subject>Divinylbenzene</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Economic conditions</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food Science</subject><subject>Forestry</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>High performance liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Hydrophobicity</subject><subject>Infrared analysis</subject><subject>Infrared spectroscopy</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Phenolic compounds</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Polystyrene</subject><subject>Polystyrene resins</subject><subject>Reproducibility</subject><issn>1438-2377</issn><issn>1438-2385</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kFFLwzAUhYMoOKc_wLeAr1aTNGnTxzF0CgNf9DmkyW2XWZOZdIP-ezsqshcfLvdeOOfA-RC6peSBElI-JkIYLTMyDqtykrEzNKM8lxnLpTj_u8vyEl2ltCVEVAXlM_S58LobkktYe4t7SL3zLQ4Nrl3abcCHDi_uTx9sXdsNxtmhw9BvIE7GDbiILUR30L07QMLOY6O9B4ttaHETgk3X6KLRXYKb3z1HH89P78uXbP22el0u1pnJadFngpclZVLI3BgAITWvNSfANaMMdAONFUYTWtRQiloChULW0liem6bmtKjyObqbcncxfO_HSmob9nHsmRStpCC8YISNKjqpTAwpRWjULrovHQdFiToyVRNTNTJVR6bq6GGTJ41a30I8Sf7X9ANJnnpn</recordid><startdate>2018</startdate><enddate>2018</enddate><creator>Cerkvenik-Flajs, V.</creator><creator>Volmajer Valh, 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and testing of bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and their derivatives in canned dog foods</title><author>Cerkvenik-Flajs, V. ; Volmajer Valh, J. ; Gombač, M. ; Švara, T.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-5477128583ccee58a4ba40e4a212eafefd5ca016be75b8e1e68b8cd43cfb41693</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Analytical Chemistry</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Bisphenol A</topic><topic>Bisphenols</topic><topic>Canned food</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Commodities</topic><topic>Derivatives</topic><topic>Divinylbenzene</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Economic conditions</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Food Science</topic><topic>Forestry</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>High performance liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Hydrophobicity</topic><topic>Infrared analysis</topic><topic>Infrared spectroscopy</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Phenolic compounds</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Polystyrene</topic><topic>Polystyrene resins</topic><topic>Reproducibility</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cerkvenik-Flajs, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volmajer Valh, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gombač, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Švara, T.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM 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Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>European food research & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cerkvenik-Flajs, V.</au><au>Volmajer Valh, J.</au><au>Gombač, M.</au><au>Švara, T.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis and testing of bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and their derivatives in canned dog foods</atitle><jtitle>European food research & technology</jtitle><stitle>Eur Food Res Technol</stitle><date>2018</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>244</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>43</spage><epage>56</epage><pages>43-56</pages><issn>1438-2377</issn><eissn>1438-2385</eissn><abstract>An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and their derivatives, BADGE·2H
2
O, BADGE·H
2
O, BADGE·HCl·H
2
O, BADGE·2HCl and BADGE·HCl, in canned animal food commodities using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The samples were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophobic polystyrene–divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) copolymer sorbent. The performance characteristics confirmed that the method used was in accordance with the EU validation criteria. The recovery values ranged from 62 to 97%. The repeatability (CV
r
) and within-laboratory reproducibility (CV
W
) values ranged from 2.3 to 9.7% and from 2.8 to 10.8%, respectively, while the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) values ranged from 5 to 10 µg/kg and from 5 to 15 µg/kg, respectively. The method was successfully used to evaluate the levels of 7 bisphenols in 24 of the canned dog foods retailed on the Slovenian market. BADGE·2H
2
O was found in all the samples tested, with values ranging from 16 to 540 µg/kg, while BPA was found in 96% of the samples tested and ranged from <5 to 208 µg/kg. The contribution of BADGE·H
2
O and BADGE·HCl·H
2
O was minor, while no traces of BADGE, BADGE·2HCl or BADGE·HCl were detected. Epoxy phenolic coatings were identified in the cans tested by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Given the temporary human tolerable daily intake (TDI) value of 4 µg/kg b.w./day recently laid down by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), these results, especially those for the BPA in canned dog foods, merit further attention and investigation.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00217-017-2930-2</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agriculture Analytical Chemistry Biotechnology Bisphenol A Bisphenols Canned food Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Commodities Derivatives Divinylbenzene Dogs Economic conditions Fluorescence Food Food Science Forestry Fourier transforms High performance liquid chromatography Hydrophobicity Infrared analysis Infrared spectroscopy Liquid chromatography Original Paper Phenolic compounds Phenols Polystyrene Polystyrene resins Reproducibility |
| title | Analysis and testing of bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and their derivatives in canned dog foods |
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