Neurological Complications in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with Different Methods of Insulin Therapy

Objectives. To study neurological complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1) receiving different methods of insulin therapy. Materials and methods. A total of 34 patients aged 18–40 years with DM 1 for 14.25 ± 9.25 years and receiving insulin therapy were studied. At the time of the study, patients of group 1 had been receiving insulin therapy by continuous subcutaneous infusion therapy (insulin pump) for 4.5 ± 1.5 years; the duration of the preceding period of standard therapy by repeated s.c. injections (basal-bolus therapy) was 11.3 ± 5.4 years. Patients of group 2 had been on basal-bolus therapy for 12.7 ± 7.7 years. Clinical evaluation of neurological status, autonomic changes, and testing on the MMSE, MoCA, HADS, TSS, NSS, and NDS were performed in patients of both groups. Results and conclusions. Patients of group 1, as compared with those of group 2, had less severe neuropathic, cognitive, and autonomic disorders and had a more favorable emotional background, indicating that the first treatment was more effective.