Geographical Differentiation of Greek Extra Virgin Olive Oil from Late-Harvested Koroneiki Cultivar Fruits

Seventy-four monovarietal olive oil samples belonging to the Koroneiki cultivar were collected from four selected olive oil-producing regions of Greece (Messinia, Lakonia, Irakleio and Etoloakarnania), during two harvesting periods (2012/2013 and 2013/2014) at the stage of full maturation (maturation index 5–6). Determination of volatile compounds (VC), fatty acid (FA) composition, total phenolic content (TPC) and color parameters was carried out in an effort to classify Koroneiki olive oil samples according to geographical origin, while conventional quality parameters (CQP) were used to characterize the samples. The analytical data were then subjected to statistical analysis using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The results showed a correct classification rate of 79.7% based on VC analysis, 81.1% based on the combination of VC analysis and FA composition, and 87.8% based on the combination of VC analysis and color parameters.