Effect of educational intervention on self-care behaviors among patients with diabetes: An application of PRECEDE model

Introduction: Diabetes is a common noncommunicable disease across the world with a remarkable rate of early death in some countries. This survey aimed to assess the effect of educational intervention on self-care behaviors among patients with diabetes, an application of PRECEDE model. Materials and Methods: A randomized control trial study was conducted on 106 patients with type 2 diabetes who had active records in the diabetes clinics (just two clinics) in the Iranian city of Gorgan. Patients were randomly assigned into control (53 patients) and intervention (53 patients) arms. Data were collected using a three-part questionnaire including (1) a self-care behavior questionnaire based on PRECEDE model, (2) a checklist of demographic and anthropometric characteristic, and (3) a patient sheet to record glycated hemoglobin (HbA1 C). To analyze data, Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA repeated measure, Tukey tests, and linear regression model were applied. P < 0.05 was taken into account as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of patients in the control and intervention groups was 58.09 +- 1.6 and 51.55 +- 8.3 years, respectively. HbA1 C and body mass index were more decreased in the intervention group as compared to the control group. At 6 months follow-up, enabling factors, knowledge, and attitude were the strongest predictors of the self-care behaviors. Conclusion: Designing an educational intervention based on PRECEDE model appeared to be likely useful to promote self-care behaviors and control diabetes among patients with type 2 diabetes.