Novel Algorithm for Tracking LEO Satellites Using Doppler Frequency Shift Technique

Communication between satellite and ground station requires the antenna to be directly towards satellite for telemetery and telecommand data exchange. Hence, role of satellite tracking is clear. There are various techniques for satellite tracking. In this paper, Doppler technique for tracking LEO satellites from a ground station is discussed. This technique is a precise, beneficial and easy method compared with others. First, Doppler shift is obtained using TLE and equations governing on satellites and their orbit. Then this Doppler shift is compared with an obtained Doppler shift called practical Doppler shift which is obtained via a radio receiver at the ground station. This comparison leads to a tracking error which is removed in control loop by auto tracking process. Hence tracking angles are created with no error leading to a precise satellite tracking. This method acts as software in the loop which performs the act of satellite tracking.