ZIRCONIUM ALLERGIES CAUSED BY ORAL DENTAL MATERIALS. A GENERAL REVIEW

Pathological effects of zirconium: systemic toxicity (carcinogenic potential), raising syndrome oral allergic dermatitis. Magnetic resonance reactions may be produced by metals as well as by biophotonic emissions, thus influencing the cellular biochemical processes, provoking modifications which, in their turn, induce various pathologies; they are detected by bioenergetic methods. The lymphocyte transformation test (TTL), discovered around 1960, is a serological test to the cellular immune response against foreign substances [11]. The immunitary system describes LT with memory according to the first contact with unknown foreign antigens, acting upon the antigen-presenting cells [12-14]. Metals usually stimulate the immune system, leading to: allergy, autoimmunity, lipidic or supraproteic synthesis through oxidative stress, carcinogenicity caused by nucleic acids [15,16]. The concept of epigenetics, established by Conrad Waddigton in 1942, permitted discussions on the following aspects: molecular processes allow modulation of gene expression, utilization of epigenetic markers, DNA methylation, spatial organization of DNA, non-coding micro-RNA action [21-23]. Zirconium (Zr), a chemical element with atomic number 40, is a transition metal, with a silvery-satin color, belonging, together with titanium and hafnium, to column IVb of the periodic classification of elements. Zirconium oxide is used for implants and dentures, crowns, collars, intracoronary reconstructions, faceted aesthetic stagings ceramic sintering, dyes, dental plates. Pathological effects of zirconium are represented by: systemic toxicity (potentially carcinogenic), allergic sensitivity (oral allergic syndrome), dermatitis. Zirconium oxide has a stable crystal lattice and is most frequently used in dental implants.