Regenerative processes of eye tissues during implantation of mechanically activated biomaterial

Purpose. To evaluate experimentally the processes of reparative regeneration in ocular tissues during implantation of mechanically activated biomaterial based on human placenta into connective-tissue structures of eyeball. Material and methods. The researches in vivo were performed in 144 rabbit eyes. For the first experimental group, there was implanted the bio-container (BC) with mechanically activated placenta on the eye sclera. For the second experimental group the BC with the coarsely chopped placenta was used, in the first control group - the BC without the placenta filling, in the second control group the conjunctiva was cut without the BC implantation. There were carried out standard methods of histological study, as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM), laser confocal microscopy, luminescence spectroscopic analysis, determination of expression to proteins: Ki-67, Caspase-3 and vimentin. Results. Processes of reparative regeneration in form of fibroblastic reactions, collagen formation and neovasculogenesis progressed 1.4 times more actively in the first experimental group comparing to the implantation of the coarsely chopped analogue, and 2.6 times more expressed comparing to the conjunctiva cut without the BC implantation. It was found by the AFM-method that in the first experimental group newformed collagen fibers had appeared in the area of BC implantation in underlying sclera, whereas in the other researched groups of animals new-formed collagen fibers were not observed. Conclusion. Thus, the BC implantation with mechanically activated placenta induces mechanisms of reparative regeneration, while exceeding the impact of coarsely chopped analogues, and also stimulates the collagen formation in the sclera of animal eyes.