Johann Wilhelm Krauses Entwürfe für eine Badeanstalt in „Embach Athen“ und das Ideal einer Platonischen Republik

The University of Tartu ensemble, one of the most significant symbols of the Enlightenment in the Baltic States, marks the beginning of a new era in Tartu. Instead of a ruined and fallen periphery, the Alma Mater, which met with the ideas of the era, inspired the metropolis of Tartu as the first professors of the university (Carl Friedrich Parrot, Karl Morgenstern and Johann Wilhelm Krause), and according to the tips of the era. According to Dresden, Tartu Emajõe was named Athens and its significance. Academia Platonica Dorpatiensis aimed at a harmonious approach to people, which, besides sciences and arts, also required attention to the surrounding environment and healthy lifestyle, including the construction of Toome parks designed for leisure activities and meditative walks, as well as athletic activities on the banks of the Emajõgi River. Following the example of the Athens Lykeion and Kynosarges academies, the purpose of cultivating academic youth was to bodily strength, one of which was swimming beside fencing and riding. 1760/1761. The first public swimming pool in Paris, near Seine, near St-Germain, was launched in January by Jean-Jacques Poitevin. This has resulted in bathing establishments on the banks of the Danube, Main and Elbe. In Tartu, the first proposal for the establishment of a bathing area was made on October 21, 1803, which was to be purchased already in the same winter. On February 28, 1805, Johann Wilhelm Krause completed the project of the earliest bathing site. The building had to find a place in the old waste at the Veskitiigi town. Traditionally, Krause's idea of ​​the theory of statuary was published by the popular Christian Cay Lorenz Hirschfeld, with Johann Gottfried Klinsky and Johann Gottfried Grohmann's pattern books based on a specific architectural command. There was a dam for the expansion of water, a disposable bowl leading to a straight beach, walking stones and idyllically shaped squares that made the pastures aesthetically enjoyable. On March 12th and 13th of March the same year, Krause completed a new project where the bathing site found a place on the pond connected with the pond. The architectural nature of the building has also changed dramatically, based on the publication of the discovery trips by the late writers of James Cook, Louis Antoine de Bougainvilles and Georg Forster, and the idea behind the idea of ​​seeing a living mirror in a morally pure way. ">The style of the project was based on the architectur