Thermogravimetric study on preparation of NiTiO3 in different reaction times

The thermodynamic properties of the fabrication of NiTiO 3 material in different reaction times are reported. The design of this material is accessible through a new efficient sol–gel methods, utilizing Ni(Ac) 2 ·4H 2 O and Ti(O i Pr) 4 as starting materials for the formation of NiTiO 3 final product through thermal decomposition. The thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques were used to analyze the reaction of Ni(Ac) 2 ·4H 2 O and Ti(O i Pr) 4 , which produces precursor materials at 0.5, 1, 2, 24, 48 and 72 h of reaction times, as well as the thermal stability of these precursors and the final product. The DSC data show an exothermic phenomenon of releasing large amount of energy of −1393 J/g at T Peak 655 K due to the first event of decomposition started at T Onset 607 K and finished at T Endset 663 K for the precursor materials obtained at 0.5 h of reaction, showing the presence of starting materials in this precursor. A similar exothermic behavior was observed in the sample of 1 h of reaction time and was vanished in the materials obtained at 2–72 h of reaction, indicating the influence of the time on the completion of reaction and formation of NiTiO 3 crystalline phase as final product of thermal decomposition. In addition, using the information obtained from the TG/DSC, XRD and FTIR analyses, the optimum temperature for the thermal decomposition of the precursor materials to NiTiO 3 with fairly high crystallinity was also determined and discussed.