Riflettere sulla grammatica a scuola: una ricerca sul soggetto/Reflecting on grammar at school: a research on the subject

The paper discusses some preliminary results of the research project GRASS - Grammar Reflection at School: Syntactic Subject, which involved 444 junior and senior students from lower to higher education grades and 16 teachers. Starting from some general remarks on the current state of grammar teaching in the Italian school system, particularly critical as far as real speech, discourse and metalinguistic awareness are concerned, the paper highlights and discusses three main critical issues: a) the confusion between (con)textual reference and grammatical function, well attested by the diverse and incongruous ways used by the respondents to identify and represent the subject of sentences from a text; b) the pupils' and students' grammatically judgements on verb and subject agreement, especially in cases of semantic/syntactic mismatch; c) the relation between the respondents' explicit definitions of grammatical subject and the emerging underlying notions that characterize the different stages of Italian education as far as primary vs. secondary schools are concerned. Finally, some conclusions are drawn on the possible outcomes that this type of research can have in terms of teachers' training and teaching practices.