Further Examination of the Factor Structure and Validity of the Identification with All Humanity Scale

In three separate samples, we examine the factor structure and validity of the identification with all humanity scale. Although the measure was originally proposed to contain a single factor, the results of the present studies showed two factors. The first factor contains items reflecting behaviors and feelings suggested by Adler and Maslow (e.g., helping, responsibility, loyalty). The second factor contains items previously used to assess ingroup identification from a social identity perspective. Regression analyses showed that the first factor (Adler/Maslow) is strongly influencing the associations between the identification with all humanity scale and prosocial values. The results highlight the distinction between theoretical perspectives from which ingroup identification measures are conceptualized.