El método buttonhole como técnica de punción de la fístula arteriovenosa en hemodiálisis: Una revisión de la literatura/The buttonhole method like puncture technical of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis. A literature review

Hemodialysis is the treatment of choice in patients with chronic renal failure. The key to proper treatment is having a good vascular access. Therefore, arteriovenous fistulas are considered the best option. One of the main factors that influence the survival of these is the technique of puncture performed. The main objective of the study was to know the method buttonhole like puncture technique arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis. A review of the scientific literature was conducted through the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cinahl and Cuiden Plus, from 2011 to 2016. In addition, a secondary manual search was conducted. The initial search strategies identified a total of 84 results that finally being selected 7 studies. The results have been mixed, finding results for pain, infection rates, hemostasis time, aneurysmal dilations, blood flow, venous pressure, number of cannulation attempts, security, aesthetics of the carrier arm of the fistula and quality of life of the patient. The method buttonhole seems to be a good alternative lancing because it is substantially free of existing common complications in other techniques, like extravasations, hematomas and aneurysms, among others. It also facilitates self-lancing at home. Furthermore, a good prior learning incorporating this technique is needed and a period of adaptation by professionals, requiring involvement by them and the center.