Urbanism and Transport: Building Blocks for Architects and City and Transport Planners

[...]cities are defined based on social conditions like characteristics, function, form, cultural factors, political power and existing activity. [...]modifications include new urban design, rail line development, construction of urban highways, mechanisation, industrial production processes, functional organisation, an export-orientated economy and priority given to distant location accessibility. Holzapfel recommends classic zoning, small-scale organisation of street networks, reduction of speed limits, the reopening of intersections and pedestrian crossings and enhanced public transport as basic strategies for improving transport and urban space in modern cities.