The Frequency of Serous Macular Detachment in Diabetic Macular Edema

Objectives: To investigate the epidemiology and frequency of serous macular detachment (SMD) in patients diagnosed with diabetic macular edema (DME). Ma­te­ri­als and Met­hods: Hundred and forty-three eyes of 104 patients with DME were examined retrospectively. According to the results of OCT, the patients were separated into two groups; patients diagnosed with SMD and DME (group 1) and patients diagnosed with DME (group 2). They were assessed based on demographic characteristics, average age, duration of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT) history, best-corrected visual acuity, and diabetic retinopathy stages. Re­sults: The average age of the patients was 61±8.7 years. Forty-three patients (41.3%) were female and 61 patients (58.7%) were male. Fifty-four of 104 patients (51.9%) had DME with SMD. 21 (38.8%) patients had bilateral SMD. In group 1, 31 patients were male (57.4%) and 23 patients were female (42.6%). In group 2, 30 (60%) patients were male and 20 (40%) patients were female. In group 1, average age was 60.2±9.6 and the average duration of DM was 12.2±7.0 years, whereas the average age was 61.9±7.6 and the average duration of DM was 14.06±6.8 years in group 2. Forty-two patients in group 1 (77.8%) and 30 patients (60%) in group 2 had history of HT. Before the treatment, the average best-corrected visual acuity was found to be 0.30±0.24 in group 1 and 0.32±0.25 in group 2. Conclusion: Today, it is thought that diabetic maculopathy is the leading cause of SMD and it is a determining factor of treatment applications. In our study, we aimed at investigating the frequency of SMD in DME and the risk factors for the development of SMD. Although there were some differences between the factors, only the history of HT was found statistically higher in patients with SMD (p=0.04). (Turk J Ophthalmol 2015; 45: 92-96)