Updated consensus statement on biological agents for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, 2010

For PsA, measures of response such as joint tenderness and swelling, enthesitis and dactylitis, global and pain response measures, functional indices and acute phase reactants, both as single measures and as part of composite measures have been used. 2 4 9 For AS, measures such as the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index are used; they have been used in clinical trials but have not been validated for routine clinical practice (category C evidence). For all but the TNFα and IL-1 blocking agents, there are too few data to draw any conclusions. Since a lack of association is extremely difficult to prove, no biological agent can be assumed to be safe.