Development of a cryo-SEM system enabling direct observation of the cross sections of an emulsion adhesive in a moist state during the drying process

In order to analyse the internal structures of multi-component fluid materials such as emulsions (including the inter-particle spacing) by cryo-electron microscopy, it is necessary to observe their smooth cross-sectional surfaces over wide areas. We have developed a system that involves the following steps: preservation of the structure of an emulsion adhesive using freeze fixation in its normal (moist) state and during the drying process after being coated, preparation of cross sections of the internal structure using a cryo-ultramicrotome and then transferral of the cross sections into a cryo-scanning electron microscope for observation via a cryo-transfer system. This system allows the direct observation of the cross sections of emulsions and of several fluid materials.