Update on adult renal cystic diseases

A wide spectrum of hereditary and non-hereditary disorders results in development of renal cysts in adult patients. Hereditary renal cystic syndromes include autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, medullary cystic kidney disease, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis. The non-hereditary disorders that predispose to the formation of renal cysts include acquired cystic kidney disease, medullary sponge kidney, multicystic dysplastic kidney, and localized renal cystic disease (Table 1).