Identification of excitons, trions and biexcitons in single-layer WS2

Single‐layer WS2 is a direct‐gap semiconductor showing strong excitonic photoluminescence features in the visible spectral range. Here, we present temperature‐dependent photoluminescence measurements on mechanically exfoliated single‐layer WS2, revealing the existence of neutral and charged excitons at low temperatures as well as at room temperature. By applying a gate voltage, we can electrically control the ratio of excitons and trions and assert a residual n‐type doping of our samples. At high excitation densities and low temperatures, an additional peak at energies below the trion dominates the photoluminescence, which we identify as biexciton emission. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim) The authors present temperature‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements on mechanically exfoliated single‐layer WS2. They observe neutral and charged‐exciton (trion) PL emission. By applying a gate voltage, they can electrically control the ratio of exciton and trion emission. At high excitation densities, an additional low‐energy peak dominates the PL, which was identified as biexciton emission by its power dependence and circular polarization degree.