The Continuing Struggle Against Government Extortion, and Why the Time Is Now Right to Employ Heightened Scrutiny to All Exactions

Since Nollan and Dolan, the Supreme Court has had little opportunity, or rather, has declined, to provide further guidance on the precise contours of the dual rationality test. [...]after analyzing the Court's decision in Koontz'1 this article argues that the answer to the above-proposed q...

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Veröffentlicht in:	The Urban lawyer 2014-06, Vol.46 (3), p.655-684
1. Verfasser:	Herman, Marc J.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Charters Compensation Exaction fees Extortion Fees Fifth Amendment Land development Land use Laws, regulations and rules Local government Municipal governments Philosophy Private land Private property Property ownership Rationality Regulatory taking (Law) Supreme Court decisions Unconstitutionality
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Since Nollan and Dolan, the Supreme Court has had little opportunity, or rather, has declined, to provide further guidance on the precise contours of the dual rationality test. [...]after analyzing the Court's decision in Koontz'1 this article argues that the answer to the above-proposed question is an emphatic yes-heightened scrutiny is, or ought to be, applicable to legislative exactions.
ISSN:	0042-0905 1942-6593