Oral and Craniofacial Clinical Signs Associated to Genetic Conditions in Human Identifi cation Part I: A Review

Forensic dentistry is one of the most reliable methods used in human identification when other technique as fingerprint, DNA, visual identification cannot be used. Genetic disorders have several manifestations that can target the intra-oral cavity, the cranio-facial area or any location in the human body. A literature search of the scientific database (Medline and Science Direct) for the years 1990 to 2014 was carried out to find out all the available papers that indicate oral, cranio-facial signs, genetic and human identification. A table with 10 genetic conditions was described with oral and cranio-facial signs that can help forensic specialist in human identification. This review showed a correlation between genetics, facial and intra-oral signs that would help forensic ondontologist in the identification procedures.