Investigation of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus and Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Infections in End Stage Liver Disease After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograpy (ERCP) is a specialized endoscopic procedure that treats problems of bile and pancreatic ducts. ERCP's can be used for evaluation and treatment of End Stage Liver Disease (ESLD) patients who are pre or post liver transplantation. Documented complications of ERCP include pancreatitis, hemorrhage, perforation, bacteremia, and abscess. In 2012, an increase in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) bloodstream infections were identified in ESLD patients post ERCP.