Tumournecrosis factor-[alpha] plus interleukin-10 low producer phenotype predicts acute kidney injury and death in intensive care unit patients

Summary Genetic polymorphism studies of cytokines may provide an insight into the understanding of acute kidney injury (AKI) and death in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the genetic polymorphisms of -308 GC interleukin (IL)-6 and -1082 G>A IL-10 may predispose ICU patients to the development of AKI and/or death. In a prospective nested case-control study, 303 ICU patients and 244 healthy individuals were evaluated. The study group included ICU patients who developed AKI (n=139) and 164 ICU patients without AKI. The GG genotype of TNF-[alpha] (low producer phenotype) was significantly lower in the with AKI than without AKI groups and healthy individuals (55 versus 62 versus 73%, respectively; P=0·01). When genotypes were stratified into four categories of TNF-[alpha]/IL-10 combinations, it was observed that low TNF-[alpha] plus low IL-10 producer phenotypes were more prevalent in patients with AKI, renal replacement therapy and death (P