Novel Strategies to Enhance Vaccine Immunity against Coccidioidomycosis: e1003768

Reporting cases of Valley Fever is not mandated in every state within known areas of endemicity. [...]Coccidioides has established niches in nontraditional endemic regions not considered in the report [5]. Infected BALB/c mice that had been immunized with the live, attenuated vaccine consistently revealed 8-fold higher numbers of lung-infiltrated neutrophils and significantly increased fungal burden compared to vaccinated C57BL/6 mice [9], [11], [12]. [...]excessive inflammation due to persistent high neutrophil counts appears to compromise vaccine immunity.\n Bacterial-expressed recombinant CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes joined by nonimmunogenic linkers have been loaded into glucan particles (GPs), which deliver the EBV to APCs and serve as a potent adjuvant system [19] (Figure 1B).