Determination of Viscosity B-Coefficients and Limiting Partial Molar Volumes for Partial Structures Consisting in Some Homologous Series of Or g anic Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

The viscosities and the densities for the three homologous series of alkanols, alkanediols, and disodiurn dicarboxylates with linear carbon chain in aqueous solutions were measured at 25 °C. The viscosity B-coefficients of the Jones-Dole equation and the limiting partial molar volumes, _??_∞, were determined for each solute (Table 1). B-coefficients per methylene group, B ( -CH2-), were obtained from the slopes of the linear relationships between the B values and the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains. As the viscosity Bcoefficients of solutes were assumed to be expressed by the sum of the individual B value for the partial structure consisting in the solutes, the B values for the each partial structure (i.e. -OH, -CH3, -COOH, -COO-) were determined on the basis of B ( -CH2-). The individual _??_∞ value for the partial structure w as also determined by using a similar method as shown in Table 2. Eq.13, VB=B /0.0025, was derived from the Einstein equation and eq.11-12. VBi s considered as the molar volumes, which is expressed by the sum of the contribution of the size of the solute and that of the solute-solvent interactions. Substitution of each B value for the partial structures into eq.13 gives VB for the partial structures. Fig.9 sho ws the relationships between the VB values and the _??_∞ values for the each partial structure. It can be considered that -CH2-, -CH3 and -COO- are the structure-makers, and -COOH, -OH, -NH3+, -NH2, -SO3- and -OSO3- are the structure-breakers. The degree of the structure-breaking increases in the order: -OH < -NH2 = -COOH