Disseminated Histoplasmosis in HIV-Infected Patients in South America: A Neglected Killer Continues on Its Rampage: e2319

In the context of the South American pathogen ecology, the systemic mycosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is probably on the top of the list of AIDS-defining illnesses and AIDS-related deaths [1], yet it is mostly undiagnosed and is not even on the diagnostic algorithm used by a significant proportion of clinicians facing a febrile, severely immunodepressed patient in the region. Contact with clinicians from various countries suggests that, although severe histoplasmosis often kills in a few days, most clinicians are not very aggressive in their investigations. [...]presumptive antifungal therapy is rare.