Monosodium glutamate induced histomorphometric changes in thyroid gland of adult wistar rat

Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is widely used as a flavor enhancer throughout the world. MSG contains glutamic acid, sodium and water. Glutamic acid serves as a neurotransmitter vital to the transmission of nerve impulses in many parts of the central nervous system, and in excess it may cause neurotoxicity leading to endocrinal disorders. The present study was conducted to evaluate histomorphometrically the effects of monosodium glutamate on the thyroid gland of adult albino rats. The experimental group was given 4mg/g body weight of monosodium glutamate intraperitoneally for seven days. Controls were maintained. After thirty days of the last dose, all the animals were sacrificed, their thyroid glands were dissected out, processed and sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and examined for histomorphometry under Zeiss light microscope and Image Pro-Express Analyzer. The results of the present study showed a significant increase in the body weight of the MSG treated animals, although these animals consumed less food than the controls. A significant increase in the size of the follicles accompanied by an increase in the mean height and area of the follicular cells and decreased colloid in some of the follicles was observed, pointing towards an increase in thyroid gland activity. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]