Effectiveness of Artocarpus lakoocha extract, poloxamer 407, on Enterococcus faecalis in vitro

Aim The antiviral activities of Artocarpus lakoocha (A. lakoocha) extract have been reported in a number of studies; however, data regarding its antibacterial capability are limited. The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of A. lakoocha extract, poloxamer 407, on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods The effect of the antimicrobial activity of A. lakoocha extract and A. lakoocha extract, poloxamer 407, against E. faecalis was investigated. The antibacterial efficacy of A. lakoocha extract, poloxamer 407, against E. faecalis was compared to calcium hydroxide in a tooth model. Results The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of A. lakoocha extract against E. faecalis were 0.39 ± 0 mg/mL and 3.12 ± 0 mg/mL, respectively; the MBC of calcium hydroxide against E. faecalis was 31.25 ± 0 mg/mL. In the tooth model, the E. faecalis count in all groups significantly decreased as the depth into the dentin increased compared to the control. There were no significant differences between 4% A. lakoocha extract poloxamer and UltraCal XS at any time period (P > 0.05) with one exception: at a depth of 0.6 mm on day 5, UltraCal XS had a significantly greater colonization than 4% A. lakoocha extract poloxamer. Conclusion A. lakoocha extract, poloxamer 407, might be a useful alternative for antimicrobial medication in endodontic treatment. However, controlled clinical studies to evaluate its efficacy are needed.